American Revolution, Market Driven or Not - 901 Words

Theme 2 Was the American Revolution largely a product of market-driven consumer forces? The American Revolution paved the way for democratic rule in nations and ignited the spreading thereof throughout the whole world. Yet events that led up the start of the revolution have been mixed in their significance by historians. Both historians, Carl Degler and T.H. Breen agree that the British mercantile system had benefited the colonists, allowing them to have comfortable lifestyles. Madaras L, SoRelle J (2011) An argument of both the historians Carl Degler and Fred Anderson, is that the Victory over the French by the British in the Seven Years’ War enabled the Americans Revolution by removing the Threat of the French the American colonist†¦show more content†¦Madaras L, SoRelle J (2011) amp; Wood S. G. (2003) In 1761 the British began to reinforce writs of assistance, laws that granted customs officials the authority to conduct random searches of property to seek out goods on which required duties had not been paid, not only in public establishments but in private homes. The next step was the Sugar Act of 1764, and it quickly became apparent that the purpose of the act was to extract revenue from America. The Molasses Act of 1733 had placed a tax of six pence per gallon on sugar and molasses imported into the colonies. In 1764 the British lowered the tax to three pence but now eventually decided to enforce it. In addition, taxes were to be placed on other items such as wines, coffee, and textile products, and other restrictions were applied, this upset the colonists. Madaras L, SoRelle J (2011) amp; Wood S. G. (2003) The Currency Act of 1764 prohibited paper currency in Virginia, which reduced the circulation of paper money in America, further burdening the colonies, which were always short of coin currency, the Act led to a rise of poverty in colonies. The British enforcement of the Sugar and Molasses Act quickly cut into the economic welfare of theShow MoreRelatedAmerican Revolution, Market Driven or Not895 Words   |  4 PagesTheme 2 Was the American Revolution largely a product of market-driven consumer forces? The American Revolution paved the way for democratic rule in nations and ignited the spreading thereof throughout the whole world. Yet events that led up the start of the revolution have been mixed in their significance by historians. Both historians, Carl Degler and T.H. Breen agree that the British mercantile system had benefited the colonists, allowing them to have comfortable lifestyles. Madaras L, SoRelleRead MoreCauses Of The Industrial Revolution783 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The market revolution was an overwhelmingly agrarian society.† â€Å"The country had the material and human resources but they had yet to be tapped.† Even though most Americans still lived in rural areas, most farmers were now part of a national and even international Market economy.† – (Lecture). â€Å"The role of the courts and the judiciary would be essential for the growth of the economy.’ – (Lecture). There were complicated forms of business organizations, overseas trade, internal expansion, and theRead MoreThe American Grievances Essay1662 Words   |  7 PagesCh. 7-10 Questions 1. Were all the American grievances really justified, or were the British actually being more reasonable than most Americans have traditionally believed? The British were actually more reasonable than most Americans have traditionally believed. For example, the navigation laws, laws that regulated trade to and from the colonies, would be seen as an American grievance but were not really enforced by the British government until 1763, which allowed people to smuggle goods, â€Å"ButRead MoreThe Impact of the Napoleonic Wars on Industrialization810 Words   |  4 Pagesafter the Napoleonic wars. Although the Industrial Revolution began in Britain during the 1700s it was boosted in the early 1800s after the Napoleonic wars because of reform that was needed. Industrialization then started spreading throughout Europe and into North America in the early 1800s. By the mid-1800s industrialization was widespread. This was all a result, somewhat indirectly of the Napoleonic wars. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain for several reasons. By theRead MoreHow Did Labor Change After The American Revolution?1626 Words   |  7 Pageschange after the American Revolution? THINK ABOUT: How did technology impact the older, artisan labor system, slave labor and industrial labor to 1877? What ideologies were in conflict over â€Å"free labor†? How did gender and regionalism impact attitudes toward labor in American society? The American Revolution was not the only revolution to take place in America. The Industrial revolution was happening all across America in the times leading up to the Civil War. The Industrial Revolution, which came toRead MoreContainers : Case Analysis1009 Words   |  5 Pagestrend that disrupted shipping industry forever. Long before the onset of the Docker or software-based containerization! In the 1960s, the trend of port automation led to a shifting of the shipping market away from the Port of San Francisco to Port of Oakland. Due to Port of Oakland’s role in supplying American troops during the Vietnam War, the Port of Oakland embraced containerization and port automation. This resulted in stealing much of the business away from the nearby Port of San Francisco, whichRead MoreIndustrialization During The Industrial Revolution1180 Words   |  5 PagesIndustrialization in America The Industrial Revolution in the US occurred over a period stretching for over a century, as the production of commodities changed from home businesses to machine-aided production in factories. This was after the factory system evolved from the cottage industry just at the beginning of Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century. The cottage industry was driven by workers who would buy raw materials from merchants and then take it home so that they could produce specificRead MoreThe Impact Of Technological Revolution On North Carolina s Economy Essay905 Words   |  4 Pagesthe technological revolution. The technological revolution is credited for enhancing the U.S. and global economies. While this is true, the effects of the technological revolution varied around the U.S. This paper will focus on the technological revolution effects on North Carolina’s economy. The technological revolution spanned many decades, but for the scope of this paper will be limited to the 1990s through the early 2000s. Prior to the 1990s, the U.S. technology market was dominated by foreignRead MoreThe Impact Of The Industrial Revolution On America1060 Words   |  5 PagesThe American identity is built upon courage which ultimately leads to our success as a society because success can be achieved by anybody in America, this is shown leading up to the first half of the 20th century. During the first century and a half, the United States was focused on territorial expansion and economic growth. This led the United States to become a young vibrant nation. The next half century international and domestic events transpired which led the nation to become a world powerRead MoreThe Election of 1928 for US President664 Words   |  3 Pagespolitical propaganda became essential to running a successful campaign. Three main factors contributed to the rise of a new kind of politics by the election of 1828, the contentious presidential election of 1824, the expansion of the voting right and the American economic Boom. The â€Å"corrupt bargain† presidential election of 1824 led the entire nation to become increasingly political which led to the rise of the two-party system. The split between Clay and Adams on the hand and Jackson on the other hand was

Vaccines Are The Tugboats Of Preventive Health - 1128 Words

Introduction â€Å"Vaccines are the tugboats of preventive health† (Billy Corgan). Vaccines are one of the most cost-effective health solutions; they are seen as the safest and best way to prevent diseases. They are also effective in preventing bacterial infections such as whooping cough (pertussis) and tetanus. But there are people around the world who purposely avoid it because of the ingredients inside or because of their own bad experiences with vaccines. Due to the rise of conscientious vaccine objectors in Australia, the Australian government introduced the â€Å"No Jab No Pay† legislation. The legislation consists on the government cutting child care benefits and tax rebate if the child isn’t immunised; ultimately to improve the immunisation coverage rates in Australia. (No Jab No Pay, Australian Vaccination-skeptics Network Inc., 2016) It also provides a catch-up plan that provides free service for children under 10. The scheme aims to improve overall vaccination stan dards in Australia. But why do people object getting vaccination? Is the No Jab No Pay the best solution? Is there a better solution to vaccination rates? The report aims to answer the questions above through research and data from Australia and around the world. Importance of Vaccination Vaccinations are an important force against preventable diseases, they fight many diseases and it doesn’t only protect the person vaccinated but can protect others. They can control the spread of disease to people who are not

Syllabus Spring Free Essays

Class participation in this course ill be assessed as the ability of the student to raise the level of the class’ conceptual knowledge by making a constructive contribution to the class discussion. There are several channels by which a student may contribute constructively to the class learning process: ; relating course concepts from readings to the discussion; ; commenting perceptively during class discussions; ; raising topic-related questions; ; conceptually expanding on classmates’ comments; and, ; providing feedback to classmates’ presentations. Students cannot â€Å"participate† unless they are present in class. We will write a custom essay sample on Syllabus Spring or any similar topic only for you Order Now As such, attending class is a minimum component of the class partial option assessment. Students will be given a daily class score according to the following rubric: O=absent, 50 = sleeping, testing or on the computer, 75=present, 85=present + contribution and 100=present + raised the conceptual knowledge of the class. Standard scores will be computed based on the number of class meetings during the week and will be posted on Discovery. Students are expected to be on time for class out of respect for the instructor and their fellow classmates. Attendance will be taken at the beginning of each class. If you miss or are going to miss a class, you are required to notify the professor via email. For every absence more than 4 unexcused absences will result in a 1 point reduction in the course grade. Any student testing or using a laptop for anything other than taking notes will receive a â€Å"O† for class participation for that day. B. Course Evaluation: All students completing the course for credit are required to complete an online course evaluation at the end of the course. Participation by all students is important, not only for our continued accreditation, but to assist in refining the course to assure quality instruction. The University will provide instructions to students via your campus email on how to complete the evaluation about two weeks before the course ends. You will be given extra class participation points if you complete the course evaluation C. How to cite Syllabus Spring, Papers

Importance of Personal Value and Professional Skill- myassignmenthelp

Question: Write about theImportance of Personal Value and Professional Skill. Answer: Value Audit: The following values that I personally hold with high regard have helped me completing my undergraduate degree. Integrity: entails honesty and strong sense of ethics in me that in feel has led me to the decency and commitment to certain purpose. Respect: refers to the valuing of voice and opinion, strong self-esteem and cherish the contribution of others. Wisdom: helped me possessing inclusive vision, intuition, experience, intelligence and judgment quality Leadership: taking responsibility and becoming the role model example Accountability: taking responsibility of own deeds and the accepting any kind of criticism Capability Audit: Good communication is one of the major qualities that most of the employers seek while selecting a graduate for certain job (Robles 2012). This is because an effective communication can lead to a profitable business outcome (DeKay 2012). The experience is also a factor in this regard. While working previously with managers of CBA, I had to meet different business personnels regularly, which I believe has increased my capacity to communicate effectively with professionals. I always keep it in mind that to enhance my communication skill I must ensure that I am able to connect with people rather than just meeting them up. As the assistant risk manager of the CBA bank I had huge responsibility regarding the administrative procedure of the organization such as strategic planning for reducing the risk factor, taking care of my team, implementing the strategies in the entire department that might be affected by the risk, time and the priority management and others. Apart from all tasks I had to balance the social and professional life while my organization performed the CSR activities, effective business communication with clients required good organizational and administrative skills. Therefore, I believe I have the quality of managing the organizational and administrative work, as most of the employers look for as one of the selection criterion in a graduate (Goetsch and Davis 2014). Apart from having work experience as the assistant risk manager of CBA, I also worked in a small financial service provider company while doing my undergraduate degree. There I had worked with a team of 10 people. In addition, my university also arranged a program for the undergraduate students, where student can attend workshops based on professional development. In the workshop, the students had to work in group of five for business problem solving, strategic planning, and other tasks (Kyllonen 2013). This workshops and my past work experience has helped me in developing my ability to work as part of a team. I strongly believe the employers seeking the experience in of a candidate in teamwork can find the same in me. As the risk manager of CBA, I had to meet many clients of the organizations. In addition, while I was doing job in small financial service provider company it was my daily job to meet the clients in order solve the problem of regarding our service (Lee, Lee and Kang 2012). Apart from that I have taken training on the customer service skill from an training centre and worked with customer service executive with an DTH company for few months. Hence, I believe that I have the specific potential of well-developed customer service skills, which is another major selection criteria for most of the employers presently. Lastly, but not the least the ability to manage projects is another most required skills that the employers seeks often seeks in a graduate candidate (Carnevale and Smith 2013). In this regard, I would like to summarize my experience in the specific context. I worked in CBA as risk manager with a team of 12 people as I have stated previously. Which I did not mention is that I have also worked with as a project manager of CBA for six months. As the project manager, my responsibility includes providing proper training and coaching to my fellow team members about the project and the process in which the project will be worked out (Musa et al. 2012). The bank used to have number of finance projects that needed inclusivity and the proper efficiency to be completed. As the project manager, not only it was my duty to train my team members to understand and work on the project, but also my responsibility includes a thorough supervision of the projects. I believe while performing the role of a project manager (Arnold 2016), I have obviously developed the ability to manage projects of various kinds. I strongly hope the employers seeking this particular skills in a graduate while selecting the candidate for certain post, will consider my ability in the same. Graduate Elevator Pitch: Job: Senior Operation Manager - ABC Limited Hello, my name is and I have recently completed my business Graduate degree with handful experience in risk management, project management and customer service field. Presently I am looking for an opportunity in the field of finance industry where I can use my professional experience and skills. My strong results in academic and along with my previous professional wor experience in the required field define me as a strong and competent candidate for your team. As the risk manager of CBA I have intense understanding of the organizational risks along with the ability to minimize the same for the customers as well as the organization. My experience on the field of customer service and project manager I have gained the ability to manage projects and operation on for the applied job. In addition, my additional training on the required field has also enhanced by professional skills. Apart from my professional skills, I believe my strong sense of personal values is equally important in building my character as a professional. In addition, I have also gained the professional skills such as risk management, team management, effective business communication, organizational and administrative skills and problem solving skills from my undergraduate course, which is I hope will help in future for ensuring the business growth of your organization. I believe my experience, interests and competency challenging enough to make me eligible for the post. Reference: Arnold, J., 2016.Coaching Skills for Leaders in the Workplace, Revised Edition: How to unlock potential and maximise performance. Hachette UK. Carnevale, A.P. and Smith, N., 2013. Workplace basics: the skills employees need and employers want. DeKay, S.H., 2012. Interpersonal communication in the workplace: A largely unexplored region.Business Communication Quarterly,75(4), pp.449-452. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Kyllonen, P.C., 2013. Soft skills for the workplace.Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning,45(6), pp.16-23. Lee, S.M., Lee, D. and Kang, C.Y., 2012. The impact of high-performance work systems in the health-care industry: employee reactions, service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty.The Service Industries Journal,32(1), pp.17-36. Musa, F., Mufti, N., Latiff, R.A. and Amin, M.M., 2012. Project-based learning (PjBL): inculcating soft skills in 21st century workplace.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,59, pp.565-573. Robles, M.M., 2012. Executive perceptions of the top 10 soft skills needed in todays workplace.Business Communication Quarterly,75(4), pp.453-465.

Research Article Critique Presentation Power Point free essay sample

The research study that you selected in Week Two Develop a 10- to 15-minute presentation in which you address the following points: Strengths and weaknesses of the study Theoretical and methodological limitations Evidence of researcher bias Ethical and legal considerations related to the protection of human subjects Relationship between theory, practice, and research Nurse’s role in implementing and disseminating research How the study provides evidence for evidence-based practice Identify the following for the research study: Quantitative Research Article Critique (pp. 422-446 of the text): Phase 1: Comprehension Phase 2: Comparison Phase 3: Analysis Phase 4: Evaluation Qualitative Research Article Critique (pp443-446 of the text): Use the critical appraisal guidelines Format the presentation as one of the following: Poster presentation in class Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation including detailed speaker’s notes Video of yourself giving the presentation uploaded to an Internet video sharing site such as www. youtube. com Submit the link to your facilitator

Land of the Free and the Home of the Brave essays

Land of the Free and the Home of the Brave essays Oh, say can you see, by the dawn's early light, what so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming. Whose broad stripes and bright stars, through the perilous fight, oer the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming. And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. O say, does that Star-Spangled Banner yet wave. O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave. We in America sing about the land of the free and the home of the brave. But it was not always like this. We had to earn that. We had to fight to become the America we are today. We had brave souls willing to risk their lives to give us the freedom we have today. They fought for what they believe in, what we today seem to forget. They believed in a country untied as one. A country where everyone is equal, no matter of race, sex, or religion. They wanted a country where every man, woman, and child had the right to life, liberty and property. They felt everyone deserved these rights, whether they were black, white, male, female, catholic, Asian, or Muslim. People are people, no matter how they may look, or what they believe in. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. once had a dream that his four children would one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. To me that is freedom. Where people can live the kind of they want. Where they can say what they feel, act how they want to act. Are free to think and believe in what ever they want to believe in. America is the greatest country in the entire world. But we seem to take that for granted. We are to easily torn apart by things. People kill people, people hurt people, and people use other people to get what they want. This is not what our ancestors had in mind. This is not what they were fighting for. And its not just America that is like this. The world is ...

Challenges Of Implementing Renewable Energy Essay

Challenges Of Implementing Renewable Energy - Essay Example The UK government wants to develop this energy source as a viable and active contributor to the economy. However, developing and using these free energy sources is not very easy and a number of challenges and barriers need to be overcome. These challenges include technical, social and financial challenges (Scottish Power, 2004). This paper will examine renewable energy sources in this context and suggest solutions to overcome the challenges. The UK government has undertaken a few projects to meet its obligations of reducing greenhouse gases. As per the Kyoto protocols, a signatory to the protocols and this includes the UK, have agreed to cut down their emissions to pre-1990 levels. The UK faces a huge problem of reducing the carbon levels and emissions since it mostly relies on coal-fired power plants and nuclear plants for power generation. For 2006, the total amount of Green House Gases - GHG emitted in the UK was the equivalent of 7,076 million metric tons of CO2. It is estimated that from these emissions about 2344 Teragrams were due to CO2 emissions from the activities of standard and old electricity power grids (SmartGrid GB, 2012). Other than nuclear power, all other systems and plants generate excessive carbon. Domestic and household consumption in the UK makes up for 60% of the power used while other users such as industries, utilities, offices, and infrastructure consume the rest. Automobiles account for more t han 75% of fossil fuel consumption (Williams, 2010). To promote the use of green and clean energy systems, the UK government has initiated a project that funds and supports solar energy by residential homes (Bullis, 2012). The proposal is called ‘Feed-In Tariff – FIT’. This project involves encouraging households to install small solar panels with solar PV that can generate electricity. The Department of Clean Energy of The UK government has undertaken a few projects to meet its obligations of reducing greenhouse gases. As per the Kyoto protocols, a signatory to the protocols and this includes the UK, have agreed to cut down their emissions to pre-1990 levels.

Is People have become overly dependent on technology Essay

Is People have become overly dependent on technology - Essay Example Electricity and easy availability of water is also a great gift of technology. It has become part and parcel of one’s life as life without electricity would bring to halt the whole world. Electricity and power, that produce light, was probably the best technological invention that has inspired other technology driven gizmos to surface. The fan, bulbs, refrigerator, air-conditioner, mixer grinder etc. are important and useful items without which the life at home would be difficult to imagine now. The bullet trains and underground railway system cannot work without electricity. In fact, almost all the technology based gadgets use power, one way or another, to make them work. So electricity has become the single most vital technology that helps the contemporary society to live in comfort. The advent of computers and associated aids like, internet, printer, fax, etc. have redefined the concept of communication. It has become necessary part of one’s life and an essential business tool that can be applied over large number of areas to give businesses a competitive advantage. Internet has greatly facilitated access to knowledge which is increasingly being used for personal and business growth. Drucker (1998) has correctly stated that access to information is the basic requirement for the success of a firm. The use of computers and internet has helped to exploit tacit information to not only promote efficiency within the organization but also to gain leverage against their rivals in the industry. Use of technology in the area of education has brought in new ideas and innovation in teaching methodologies and learning. It has improved quality of education and at the same time, provided students with to tools to develop their learning skills for higher achievements. It has also been a great boon for students with disabilities as it significantly helps to improve

Crime show #5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Crime show #5 - Essay Example The staffs were surprised by the drastic increase in the number of deaths in the hospital. The staffs carried out an investigation and eventually Majors was caught (Neer 211). Lynn was arrested and taken to court where he was convicted of six murders and sentenced to three hundred and sixty years in prison (Huffington Post Site). When Lynn was working in the hospital the number of deaths increased four times every year (Neer 212). This made the authorities to suspect more than one hundred people could have been killed by Lynn (Alpers 312). Investigators think that Lynn even consoled the families of the victims after they had died in a sick display of power (Huffington Post Site). It is ironical that Lynn Majors was one of the popular nurses among elderly patients in the hospital and yet killed the elderly (Neer 212). He also said that he was kind and tender but went ahead killing the elderly patients (Alpers 312). In conclusion, the story has moral lessons and teaching us about our daily lives. Before one is employed as a nurse for example, there is need get more information about the person. The credentials should be confirmed whether they are

Canada Statutory Law Analysis

Canada Statutory Law Analysis David Kafka Californias statutory law establishes that employment, having no specified term, may be terminated at will by either the employer or employee. Cal. Lab. Code ÂÂ § 2922 (2017). This presumption is subject to contrary evidence, such as an implied or expressed agreement that an employment relationship will continue indefinitely. The issue in this case is whether Reynaldo Perez had an implied contract of employment with Malloys Department Store that could be terminated only for cause. If an employer has created an implied or expressed contract for permanent employment, that employee may be terminable only for good cause. When determining if an implied agreement exists, the court will look at a number of factors. These include: personnel policies or practices of the employer, employees longevity of service, assurances by the employer for continued employment, and practices of the industry. Formal handbooks and manuals outlining employment terms are also given consideration. An implied covenant of good faith protects the parties right to receive the benefit of their agreement, but does not necessarily create any other duty outside of the contract. Pugh was found to have had an implied agreement with Sees Candies based on his duration of employment, lack of criticism for work, assurances given, and his employers acknowledged policies. Pugh v. Sees Candies, Inc., 116 Cal. App. 3d 311 (1981). Pugh was frequently told that if he did a good job, his future with the company was secure. There was also a policy where administrative staff would only be fired for good cause. Pugh was not given a reason for his termination, nor was it based on good cause. The court found that an implied contract existed, and Pugh was wrongfully terminated. Id. At will provisions in company manuals are significant in determining the policies of an employer. Parol evidence is admissible to explain, supplement, or even contradict the terms on an unintegrated agreement Guz v. Bechtel Natl, Inc., 8 P.3d 1089 (Cal. 2000). When an employer has policies in formal handbooks, it create[s] a clear and uniform alternative to haphazard practices, understanding, and arrangements within the company. Id. Guz was told by a Bechtel official that the company avoids arbitrary firings. However, the court found that the company did not waive its right to discharge its employees at will based on this statement. Id. The court places great credence in what is included in formal handbooks when determining if employment is at will. An official cannot waive those policies simply by making his or her own arrangements. Guz received no promises that he would be retained except for good cause. His long employment, raises, promotions, and good reviews were not sufficient enough to prove that an implied contract existed where he was no longer an at will employee. The court found that the implied covenant of good faith did not protect Guz from termination. Id. Perez was employed at Malloys for a total of 20 years, consistently received good evaluations, had salary increases, and on one occasion was given assurance his job was safe if he kept performing at a certain level. Perez was told early in his employment by the president of Malloys that his job would always be safe, and that the company doesnt just fire people. The length and success of his employment might also benefit his argument for an implied contract. The companys application form contained ambiguous language which could be interpreted as a contract for continued employment. It stated that Malloys hires and retains hard-working people. However, both the application form and employee manual reiterate that employment is at will. The application stated our employment relationship will end whenever we determine that it should. The employee manual had similar language, stating that an employee could be fired at any time, for any reason. It is likely that the employee manual and job application form will be given great consideration. Malloys clear policy of employment at will was outlined in these documents and contradict any promise that was made to Perez early in his career. As in Guz v. Bechtel Natl, Inc., 8 P.3d 1089 (Cal. 2000), an employee handbook is admissible in court to explain or contradict terms of an unintegrated agreement. In Perezs case, the handbook will likely contradict the presidents statement that his job would always be safe. Perez agreed with the company president that he was fine with his reassignment. He continued working in this position for an entire year. There was never a clear agreement that Perez would only be fired for just cause, and there was no indication that this was Malloys company policy. Therefore, it is unlikely that the court will find that Perez had an implied contract of employment that could be terminated only for cause.

Nurse Practitioner Essay -- Persuasive, Quality Care

In today’s world a big debate that families debate between and spend time trying to research is what the best possible options are for their children and spouses health care. A question often asked is if seeing a nurse practitioner is just as effective and safe as seeing a doctor. Many parents worry if their child will get the full attention needed when seeing a nurse practitioner. Nurse practitioners have the training and time to give children and their families the support and care necessary (Should My Child See a NP 2). A nurse practitioner is a registered nurse who is highly educated and has gone through clinical training in their health care specialty areas (Pediatrician v NP 1). In order for them to practice they must have four to six years of training and pass all their licensing exams to practice (Quality of Care 1). For students to become a prepared registered nurse they must complete an additional master’s level training on top of their baccalaureate prepared classes (Duties and Responsibilities 1). In order for someone to even prepare to go into the field of nurse practitioners a high school student should take challenging classes in English, Math, and Science (Duties and Responsibilities 1). Many nurse practitioners work side by side with a licensed doctor, but that is not always the case. The career of being a nurse practitioner began back in the 1960s (Pediatrician v NP 1). There was a huge shortage of physicians and I need for care to people under served (Pediatrician v NP 1). Nurse practitioners work in manly rural and urban settings such as public health departments, community health centers, hospitals, physicians' offices, nursing homes, HMOs, student health clinics, and home health agencies. Where state law pe... ...e practitioners provide nursing and medical services to not only families, but individuals and groups as well, emphasizing health promotion and disease prevention (Pediatrician v NP 1). Something they also provide for families, individuals and groups is teaching and counseling (NP Services 1). If necessary your nurse can provide you with prescription of pharmacologic agents and treatments. They can also provide non-pharmacologic therapies (NP Services 1). Even though nurse practitioners are a very good idea in many cases it is still very important to have a regular doctor that you can see in certain situations. Nurse practitioners are a great alternative for routine check ups minor visits when sometimes seeing your doctor is hard to do. You can be assured that with a nurse practitioner you will be tended for while receiving a warm and welcoming visit each time.

My Biggest Motivator Essay

Motivate can mean to impel or move to action. In my eyes my mom was just that. My mom worked very hard to instill values and morals in me. She also was a very independent and strong individual. Her story not only motivates me, but also inspires many others in my family. My mom instilled moral and values in me that will last a life time. She made sure we knew the difference in right and wrong at a young age. My sisters and I always knew that not only god was watching us but also she had her eye on us all the time. She always took pride in making sure each and every one of us respected ourselves as well as others. She made sure that we all would grow up a bright young lady’s, by instilling morals. Being a young lady requires one to defiantly have morals. My mother expected us to behave and follow rules at all times, even when we were frustrated at an individual, because we knew it was not tolerated. My mom is a very independent person. My mom raised 7 girls on her own, by staying true to herself and learning from her mistakes, even when times got tough she fought through. My mom worked hard her entire life. I remember times when she would walk to work and sleep on the couch so we had a good night’s rest. There were also times when my mom really struggled but she never asked for aid from a family member or government agency. I can remember my mom always taking care of her children and never giving up. My mom is a very strong person like superwomen. There were times in her life that the average person would have given up. She has given up her health for us, by putting her children first. Some of her health problems would have not been survived by the average person. She was a single mom on a factory salary by being very intelligent women. Being a motivator is never easy. My mom really made it look that way. My mom always made the best of every situation and took pride in raising her children. As I get older I strive to be half the mom she was by instilling values and morals and always being independent and strong.

Poetry Essays - Rhyme, Figures Of Speech, Rhetorical Techniques

Poetry Essays - Rhyme, Figures Of Speech, Rhetorical Techniques Poetry POETRY REPORT 1. THE DANCE The song The Dance was written by Country Music star Garth Brooks in 1989. To Garth The Dance has many meanings, such as a love gone bad or life. He really thinks that it is about the loss of the people who gave up their life as an ultimate sacrifice. Some of these people are John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. I chose this song because it is one of my favorites and the meaning that it gives to the listener. The meaning is that life is better left to live and chance than to miss everything by not do anything or even living. Throughout the song many of the poetic terms are used. The rhyme scheme that is used is that the first verse has no rhyme in it. The chorus, second verse and the tag have the first two lines and the second two lines rhyme with each other. The tone that is displayed is sad but if the person didn?t take a chance he wouldn?t of had anything at all. ?The dance we shared ?neath the stars above? shows the imagery of the song. A metaphor is used in ?I could have missed the pain but I?d of had to miss the dance. The dance is referring to life and the pain is where the person never lived or did anything at all. The line that is repeated, or the refrain, is?I could have missed the pain but I?d of had to miss the dance.? There are four stanzas present in the song. The mood that is given to the reader is sympathetic and/or empathetic. Similes and personification are not used. 2.ELDORADO The poem Eldorado was written by Edgar Allan Poe on April 21, 1849. Eldorado was a ?Golden City? to the Spanish Conquistadors that they never found. In the poem the knight is looking for this special thing, and he travels all his life to find it. The knight is very sad and never finds what he is looking for. Later in the poem he starts to die (it?s actually later in his life). The knight finds a vision and asks it why he cannot find what he is looking for. The vision tells him where it is and that it could be unreachable if he did not continue looking for it. The vision encourages the knight not to give up and to always try really hard to achieve your goals. I chose this poem because it sounded cool. Once I analyzed it I really liked the meaning it gave: to never give up and to always try until you succeed. This poem uses many of the poetic terms. The sequence AABCCB makes up the rhyme scheme. The author?s tone is a feeling of frustration and inadequacy in not finding his ?gold?. The imagery is given in dark and light. ?In sunshine and in shadow? which probably mean life and death is a metaphor. Eldorado which is thesomething special or gold is also a metaphor. The last line in every stanza are similar and make up the refrain. Personification is represented with the ghost(shadow) giving the knight advice in how to find his ?gold?. The mood that the reader has is a supernatural feeling. It is also mythical because Eldorado was a mythical place. Similes are not used in this poem. POETIC TERMS 1.RHYME SCHEME- A regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem. 2.TONE- The writer?s attitude toward his or her subject, characters, or audience. 3.IMAGERY- Is the descriptive or figurative language used in literature to create word pictures for the reader. 4. METAPHOR- A figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as thogh it were something else. 5. SIMILE- A figure of speech that makes a direct comparison between two subjects using either like or as. 6. REFRAIN- A repeated line ora group of lines in a poem or a song. 7. PERSONIFICATION- A figure of speech in which a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics. 8. STANZA- A group of lines in a poem. 9. MOOD- Atmosphere, is the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage.

Commands and Requests in Spanish Without the Imperative Mood

Commands and Requests in Spanish Without the Imperative Mood Although the imperative mood is frequently used to tell or ask people to do something, other verb forms also are used. This lesson covers some of the most common non-imperative ways of giving commands. Infinitives as Impersonal Commands The infinitive (the unconjugated verb form that ends in -ar, -er or -ir) is frequently used, especially in print and online rather than verbally, to give commands to no one person in particular. It is seen most commonly on signs and in written instructions. Examples: No fumar. (No smoking.) Hacer clic aquà ­. (Click here.) No tocar. (Do not touch.) Sazonar los frijoles y servirlos en un plato. (Season the beans and serve them on a plate.) Colgar el telà ©fono y esperar. (Hang up the telephone and wait.) Use of Present and Future Tenses to Give Commands As in English, the present and future indicative tenses can be used to issue emphatic commands. Using the present and future tenses in this way normally wouldnt be done when youre trying to be diplomatic; more likely, they would be used when simple persuasion hasnt been successful or if youre trying to be particularly matter-of-fact. Examples: Comers el brà ³coli. (You WILL eat the broccoli.) Me llamas maà ±ana. (You call me tomorrow.) Indirect Commands By using the subjunctive mood in a clause beginning with que, it is possible to indirectly give a command to someone other than the person being spoken to. As the following examples indicate, a variety of English translations can be used, depending on the context. Examples: Que Dios te bendiga. (God bless you.) Que vaya à ©l a la oficina. (Have him go to the office.) Que me traiga ella sus archivos. (Tell her to bring me her files.) Que en paz descanse. (May he rest in peace.) First-Person Plural Commands There are two ways to give a command to a group that includes yourself: use followed by the infinitive, or use the first-personal plural subjunctive form of the verb. These are typically translated in English by using lets. In the negative form (lets not), the subjunctive form (not no vamos a) is typically used. To say lets go, use vamos or vmonos; to say lets not go, use no vayamos or no nos vayamos. Examples: Vamos a comer. (Lets eat.) Comamos. (Lets eat.) No comamos. (Lets not eat.) Vamos a hacerlo. (Lets do it.) Hagmoslo. (Lets do it.) No lo hagamos. (Lets not do it.)

It has been argued that Mills theory as advanced in On Liberty is Essay

It has been argued that Mills theory as advanced in On Liberty is flawed because of its failure to consider poverty and other social constraints. To what extent do you agree with this view - Essay Example It enlightens people on how the weaker people are preyed upon by those stronger I the society leading to some people having their right of liberty being violated. Mill in this theory describes the various factors that affect the liberty of people. Although Mill states several issues that arise when liberty is talked about, his theory can be termed as imperfect since he fails to consider poverty and social constraints. He does not show how social constrains and poverty influences the liberty of an individual or a society (Weir, 2007:34). The argument on the theory being imperfect is a solid one since poverty is one of the things that can lead to one being deprived on their liberty. From the essay, the people started to see that it was better if some of the magistrates and the governors of the states were tenants to them. This was better because they would not abuse the offices since the tenant hood was revocable anytime (Mill, 2002:47). But then, this would only be possible for those that were wealthy enough to be landlords and landladies, meaning that the poor in this society would not benefit from this kind of setting. These people are forced to submit to the governors and magistrates even when they are not harming anybody since this people that are in power see that they have nothing to lose because they are not tenants to the poor. Mill did not look at what would happen to the poor and therefore he did not include poverty in this theory, and thus rendering it flawed. Those living under high poverty conditions fa il to see that the government’s opinion is also their opinion and therefore their liberty is at risk. According to John Stuart Mill, the liberty does not just apply to adults only, but also apply to children and all those that are in a state in which they require to be protected against harming themselves. At times, the poor are ignorant and therefore they rarely take care of such people and the children and therefore

How the Internet Has Changed How We Consume and React to News Essay

How the Internet Has Changed How We Consume and React to News - Essay Example There really was not a good way to fact check the media, nor understand the stories which were not covered in the media. Moreover, as Neil Postman (1984) states, the news shows were focused upon trivialities, superficialities and fluff. The news anchors who disseminated the news had the same mirthful expressions when they were reporting tragedies and comedy. The news presented issues in the same 45 second format, which makes even the most important issues seems trivial. Now, however, with the Internet, in particular the citizen bloggers and the satirical shows, there is a way to not only uncover buried information about stories that the mainstream media does not deem fit to cover, but there is also a way to fact-check the media and hold them accountable. This, perhaps, is the most important way that the Internet has changed how the audience perceives and consumes the news. Citizen Bloggers and Satirical Shows, and How They Help the Viewer Discern News One of the major changes in the way that the public understands news events is that these events are often filtered through what Hayes (2008) refers to as â€Å"citizen press critics† (p. 1). These â€Å"citizen press credits† are more commonly known as bloggers, and they work as a kind of â€Å"fifth estate† who attempt to keep the mainstream media honest. Lopez (2010) states that these bloggers are important to democracy, in that it shows that anybody can contribute to the discourse of politics and civility. Johnson & Kaye (2008) conducted a study and found that blogs are generally seen as a credible source of information, which makes them even more influential in conveying the news. Moreover, Lopez (2010) asserts that making news interactive, which blogs can accomplish by allowing the blog readers to make comments, makes the on-line experience richer, dynamic and shared. The Internet, in general, contributes to this sense of richness and dynamism, because it enables anybody to check out wha t the media is saying, which is in contrast to the way that things used to work, which was that the citzenry had to accept what the media was telling them, as there was not a way for the average person to find data to refute it. Moreover, Lopez (2010) asserts that the Internet, and the citizen bloggers, as important in that these mediums do not allow the media to control the message. As individuals filter and diffuse news through the peer to peer networks, and there is real-time fact checking involved, the media message might be watered down and more uncontrolled, and this is a good thing, according to Lopez (2010). Alternatively, the Internet can provide information about news that the mainstream media may decline to cover. An example of this is that, after September 11, and during the Iraq war, the mainstream media did not cover the issue of Iraqi deaths, so, more and more, citizens searched on the Internet regarding this topic, and it became the topic of blogs as well (Salwen et al., 2005). This is important, because, as Li (2006) notes, the media often sets the agenda, and the priorities on the issues that it will cover. This, in turn, colors how people may view a certain event, as well as how many citizens are aware of certain issues and events. It may also color how important an issue or event is perceived – if the media covers something extensively, then this topic or issue will be seen as important, and the opposite of the media declines to cover this event or issue (Li, 2006). However, the citizen critics may keep a buried issue alive, or bring it to fore, which is helpful to people who do not want to be influenced by the media about certain events, and people who want to know about underreported stories. The Internet, in

Journal 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Journal 5 - Essay Example This is because in a direct communication there is undisrupted flow of information, relaying of critical opinions, and knowledge besides experiences. This helps to solve individual or group’s questions, misunderstandings besides other issues that come up in the work place. Besides, it enables the workers to achieve many benefits including one’s wellbeing in his or her working place (Holley, Jenning & Wolters, 2012). The manager in charge of the employee and labour relations in any organization has key responsibilities such as settling workers difficulties and conflicts before worsening to affect the company. Conflicts between employees can be as result of discriminations, violence in the working place and sexual harassments among other vices that hinder the growth or development of the organization (The Ohio State University, 2013). The manager should as well be able to take the corrective actions in which they should identify their employees undeserving manners besides correcting them. In conclusion, respectable employee and labour relations are important aspects for the development of an organization. It helps in averting and solving difficulties concerning the employees that affect the respective organization negatively. Additionally, the employees grow professionally hence affecting the organization’s output or productivity leading to its fast development (Pace University 2011). The employee relations manager has the responsibility to assist and guide the entire staff according to their difficulties to ensure smooth prosperity of the

Blink - Malcom Gladwell Essay Example for Free

Blink Malcom Gladwell Essay Among the thought provoking topics Gladwell presents in Blink, I found slicing as one the most interesting. The idea that short snippets of information can potentially allow more accurate perceptions of people and situations than longer periods with in-depth study and exposure to information. The awareness of the unconscious realizations occurring much quicker and more accurately than cognitive thought, inspires additional pontificate on ways to cut through the noise that interferes with conscious thoughts. Additionally, his identification of potential noise spurs the mind to ignore the slices offer opportunities to understand potential causes for historical perceptions that have proven to be incorrect. While reading Gladwell’s elaboration on the various methods of slicing, several historical business decisions come to mind. Gladwell’s review of speed dating offers many similarities to my experiences interviewing candidates to fill vacant positions on various teams I have managed. My process for interviewing candidates is a multistep process, where my first interview is normally no more than 30 minutes, containing about 15-20 minutes of my explaining the position being filled and the needs of the company. Gladwell specifically identified the purpose was not to determine if both speed dating parties want to establish a relationship together. The purpose was to decide if each person has enough interest in the other, to at least learn more about him/her. In the 10 minutes where I directly interview candidates for skills and competencies, I am simply deciding if I want to bring this person in to learn more detail about their skills and competencies. Gladwell also identifies that slicing is not always effective, due to noise received by the conscious self, sometimes allowing cognitive thought to challenge the unconscious perception. Although I take detailed notes on each candidate, there are many instances where, despite the notes and the observed mannerisms, my ‘gut’ suggested an opposite direction from the logical choice. In retrospect, I realize that during these initial interviews, as I put significant effort into evaluating skills and competencies as a whole. There was just too much data reviewed, instead of focussing on individual slices of data. In some cases my mind even justified the potential issues, offering undue credit to candidates because of their persuasive discussions and mannerisms, thereby continuing the hiring process with candidates that should not have made it past the first round. During one interview in particular, I was filling a position as Category Manager and my pool of candidates was somewhat limited. My company’s push to hire diversity candidates made the pool even shallower. After bringing candidates in for first round interviews, I decided to post the position online for a second time. The subsequent candidates were not significantly better than the first round. I could not identify a specific reason for my disinterest in the candidates, they just didn’t feel right. Most did not offer the typical image I associated with a successful category manager. As a favor to a colleague, I agreed to interview a wild card candidate for my vacancy. She had no experience with category management, but her career history showed steady progression and 3.8 GPA throughout her chemical Engineering major offered evidence of her intelligence. My colleague spoke very highly of her abilities and during the initial interview her image was consistent with high performing category managers I have known in the past. In reviewing my notes after the interview, I documented her lack of experien ce as being a key opportunity. Although my logical decision should have been to remove her from the list going forward, I followed my ‘gut’ and continued the interview process with her. As the process continued, she was eventually hired for the position on my team. I had somehow convinced myself that she could learn the trade and excel at it in a short period of time. Within a few months of hiring her, we both realized she wasn’t going to meet the requirements of the position and eventually, she went back to her previous company. I couldn’t help but wonder how she could have performed so well during the interview compared to the other candidates, but not be able to perform the duties of the actual job itself. After finishing Gladwell’s elaboration on priming, I gained better insights as to potential reasons why I hired the wrong person. Gladwell offered great examples of priming and how key words can impact an individual’s performance on tests. During the interview process, I normally discuss my educational and career history in an effort to reduce anxiety in candidates. I can’t help but wonder if during my discussions, I primed candidates, thereby pushing them to perform at anticipated levels based on my initial perception as they entered the first interview. Based on this theory, the words I chose during the interview process could have unintentionally encouraged one candidate and discouraged others. I find the concept of priming to be very thought provoking and it will definitely impact my speech at the beginning of each interview. Although Gladwell’s discussion regarding interpretations of slices of time proposes a more accurate perception is achieved by the unconscious mind well in advance of the conscious mind. Key points perceived during the initial moments could potentially shape my perception and thereby cause the subconscious to choose priming words to reinforce that perception. Being aware of this possibility is a key part of addressing it. From my experience illustrated above, focusing on neutral wording during future interviews will be a priority going forward.

Influence Of Cultural Identity On Learning English English Language Essay

Influence Of Cultural Identity On Learning English English Language Essay 1-Background of the study: The disadvantages faced by migrant Muslim women in Australia in trying to acquire proficiency in English may result from their diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds as well as the ethnic, religious and cultural barriers based on gender discrimination. Due to their religious and cultural beliefs the needs of the Muslim women are different from other NESB (non English speaking background) communities in Australia. Not being able to access their English language entitlements isolates these women and limits them from participating in the general Australian community. Muslims from Asia first migrated to Australia from the 1860s as divers from Malay and as Afghan cameleers to work for the European settlers. Describe English language as a global language and why interested for people for example: (Non-native speakers of English study the English language for different reasons. For migrant non native speakers of English, bilingualism may be matter of importance to them as their the mother tongue is usually reserved for the domestic and social domains while English speaking skills are acquired for use in the public domain. For Muslims, the issue of bilingualism is much more complex as language for them is not only tied to culture and tradition but also has strong links with religion and religious practices. These religious practices impact both the domestic as also the public realm. For Muslims who do not speak Arabic as mother tongue, the language of religion is different from that of the private space where the mother tongue may be retained. This is further complicated by the impact Islam with its strict doctrines on the roles of men and women in domestic and social life has on the publi c and private domains. The three main languages spoken by Australian Muslims are Arabic, Turkish and English. Add in text from Lambert Gardner and Lambert (1959, as cited in Jahan and Roger, p.3) have summed the orientation of English learners into two: integrative and interpretative. The term integrative entails institutionalizing the English language and this is more common in countries where English native speakers occupied as colonizers (Gardner and Lambert, 1959, as cited in Jahan and Roger, p.3). Meanwhile the term interpretative entails a more personal level of learning wherein the objective is use the language for business purposes and other functional and utilitarian purposes; this may also be characterized as having a higher degree of learner?s interest (Crookes and Schmidt, 1991, as cited in Jahan and Roger, p.3). 1-1-Teaching English as a global language: English has long become the lingua franca for most countries. As English grows in importance as a global language, so does the dependence of people on it from across the world. This is perhaps because the language of science is English and most of the scientific development has been recorded using English as the medium of interactive communication. The inter-dependence of nations in the world is growing as businesses and multi-national corporations across the globe develop and grow. That is the reason why English will perhaps remain the most active and dynamic language for global communication. This ubiquitous presence of English in almost all streams of life and human activities may be attributed to the colonization of most parts of the world, by the Europeans. England had covered vast areas in the Americas, Asia, Africa and Australia during colonization and it only reflects as the language most in use in these areas. Implicitly, this distinction may be a clue to how English is viewed in a particular country- for instance, either as a foreign language (true for interpretative orientation) or as a second language (true for integrative orientation). On a very practical level, globalization reinforced the status of English as the world?s lingua franca. Historically, the spread of English results from colonialism (Le Ha, 2008, p.73) and imperialism. Now, at present context, as Tollefson Tsui (2007, p.1) affirm, there are two tools of globalization- technology and English. Indeed, the study of English by individuals with a non-English speaking background (NESB) is now recogniz ed to be of an utmost importance for practical and useful purposes- English is used for the promotion of global economy, trade and even in humanitarian functions (see Garcia Otheguy, 1989, p.3, as cited in Le Ha, 2008, p.72). The trend of acknowledging and promoting this importance is easy to see. For instance, there is the ever-increasing statistics of NESB individuals studying English anywhere in the world (Jahan Roger, 2006, p.1). For instance, in East Asia, Japan and Korea (Tsui Toleffson, 2007, p.4) considered the study and use of English as political and economic strategy to assert presence in the global village (Albrow, 1990, 1996; Giddens, 1990, 2000, as cited in Tollefson Tsui, 2007, p.1). Then try to connect this paragraph to the next paragraph. For example according to important of english to people in the world in general, english is very important for migrants in Australia especially for muslim in particular, in the next subtitle I will explain why english matters for immigrants in Australia. Always make connect with the next subtitle. Status of Muslims in Australia 1-2-Why learning English language matters to Muslim immigrants in Australia :-I want you first to explain the status of immigrants ( in general) in Australia , for example why they leave their home countries and came to Australia( you have to focus on forced immigrants, for example you have to say that they leave their home country because they looking for safe and because the bad security situation in their home countries and the reasons in details then talk about forced Muslim immigrants ,why they leave their home countries and come to Australia, and mention that they leave some members of their families behind them, explain in details(you have to focus on forced immigrants because they will help you in the literature review in next chapter when you talk about longing, belonging and Diaspora because they are forced immigrants and leave part of their family members like fathers or mother or sisters) then talk about Iraqi Muslim immigrants( for example; in the case of Iraqi Muslim im migrants women ,many Iraqi Muslim families leave the Iraq, they left Iraq because their husbands were working as interpreters with the coalition forces(Australian army) , the terrorists in Iraq consider or identify any body working with the coalition forces as a spy, therefore they left Iraq. According to the Islamic/Arabic culture, the husbands consider as a guardian for their wives. Therefore their wives left Iraq with their husbands and left their parents and Islamic community and lived in Australia so the Iraqi Muslim women were forced to leave Iraq and came to Australia. Explain in details by using your own writing.( use citations in the paragraph to support you writing), it is important to make connect with the next subtitle. Why immigrants need to learn English- Then you have to mention why the immigrants must learn English in Australia, for example to integrate with the Australia society, for successful settlement, and to get a job?explain in details, Problems of language learning for adults Then you have to mention that some immigrants facing difficulties in learning English for many problems. In the case of Iraqi Muslim women, they facing many challenges related to their Islamic/Arabic/Iraqi cultural identity. That what want to investigate in this research, the influence of their cultural identity on their learning English as ESL at language centre in Australia. 1-3- Example from my real life as a migrant and ESL learner in Australia:( rewrite this example by your own words , it is very important) Problem of Muslim identity in Australia I and my wife were came to Australia as forced Immigrants, as I mentioned above, I was one of the interpreters who were worked with the Australian Army in Iraq. Therefore, I left Iraq with my family looking for safe in Australia. When arrived in Australia, my wife started learning English at AMES language centre. After three weeks study English at AMES, my wife was much complain and uncomfortable in learning English at AMES language centre. She explained to me that these challenges related to her identity as a Muslim. For example she said that (her Veil/Hijjab represent her identity, so it is important for me to respect the values and traditions in my cultural identity when I learning English language at AMES in Australia. She said that some students in my classroom were aware when I wearing my Veil/Hijjab.in addition to the English teaching materials in Australia reflect the real life in Australia. These values are opposite to my values as a Muslim. Also she explained to me that she is not interest in interact with the Australian Society, because there are many factors in Australia prevent me related to my cultural identity. So learning English is not important for me because one day I will return back to my home country, Iraq). Because the system in the AMES Language centre allow to students to study at Home by sending Tutor to them to their home, My wife selected this choice and started study English at Home. From my wife experience learning English at AMES, I was confused because I thought these factors are not real challenges affect my wifes learning English. And I thought that my wife will back to AMES one day. But later on I realized these challenges that faced my wife when I got a job in Australia. In the first day of my job, my Boss, he was Russian, was angry because he saw me at lunch time praying, he told me it is not good to pray here, I explain to him that I am Muslim and I have 30 minute lunch time and it is the time of pray. The boss told me, you are not in Iraq, you are in Australia. Therefore, I left this job. At this time, I got directly to my wifes challenge in learning English, She tried to maintain her identity by wear her veil and avoiding different and strange values when she learning English. And I tried to maintain my identity as a Muslim by praying. 1-4-The rationale for the study: -To be able to communicate with the Australian community, most immigrants learn English as a second language at AMES language centre in Melbourne, Australia. As I, my wife and many Iraqi Muslim families immigrated to Australia in 2008, most of them of started learning English language at AMES language centre at the same year. My wife explained to me that there are many issues related to her identity as Muslim women has affected her English learning at AMES language centre. At that time I was interest to investigate the same issues with the other Muslim women from Iraq who immigrated to Australia. 1-5-The aims of the study: -Because Iraqi Muslim women are a part of other NESB women, this research focuses on the problems Iraqi women face when pursuing their studies at an English language centre in Australia. In particular, Does maintaining the Islamic cultural identity when learning English in western society is the main challenge facing women with Islamic cultural background? Therefore I will conduct qualitative in which Muslim womens experiences and perceptions are tapped by using in-depth interviews. 1-6-Research Questions: 1- What perspectives of Iraqi cultural identity do Iraqi Muslim women bring to English learning at AMES language centre in Australia? 2-To what extent does Iraqi Muslim identity impact on Iraqi womens learning in western society (Australia)? 3-Why do Iraqi women in Australia prefer learning English at home instead of AMES language centre? 4-To maintain their cultural values, do Iraqi women prefer learning English away from English culture? 5- What are some implications for Adult ESL providers? 1-7-Organization of the thesis: This study consist of five chapters, following this introductory chapter, chapter two is the argument on identity, according to some western scholars identity is always changing according to the place and time because also they thinks religion is a part of culture while the Islamic identity in the Islamic concept is divided in to essentials qualities and non- essential qualities, the essential factors in the Islamic identity will never change. Therefore Muslim women must maintain these essential factors in her identity. So when Muslim women maintain these factors as her identity, there will be many factors in western society (Australia) will affect their learning English in Australia. Also, I will discuss the implications of acculturation in Second language learning to investigate the challenges of Iraqi Muslim women in learning English when they maintain their essential factors in their identity. Chapter two: Literature review: (5000 words) *overview 2-1-1-Definition of identity: 2-1-2- Concept of identity in Western view (it is very important to use many citations in each subtitle with mention Author name,year,page number) Here you have to talk about identity, because Western Scholars affirm that identity is always changeable and not stable according to time and place. How the identity construct. Also they affirm that religion is a part of culture. Depend on Hall, Norton and others. Also some of them asserted that there are multiple identities. Use many citations. (Be careful that you will discuss the concept of identity from Islamic view later on in other subtitle, so prepare for that subtitle here) 2-1-3- language: Use many citations when you talk about language learning. 2-1-4- The relationship between identity and Language learning: (use many citations) use in-text referencing with author name, page number ,year 2-1-5- The Application of Acculturation Theoriesand models in Second Language Acquisition: (use many citations) use in-text referencing with author name, page number ,year. When explain here take in your consideration the immigrants, explain in details about acculturation strategies for immigrants in second language learning and how immigrants deal with strategies? be aware that you will based on because later on in the findinigs chapter 4 ,i wiil investigate why iraqi women separated, because they want to maintain their identity tnen that influenced their learning english 2-1-6- Consideration of identity in Acculturation: Explain the role of identity in acculturation and how it affects. (use many citations) use in-text referencing with author name, page number ,year 2-3-Concept of identity in Islamic view: Explain that identity according to Islamic scholar is not always changeable because there some essential factors in identity will never change such as pillars of Islam and articles of faith. Also they consider culture is a part of religion. How the identity construct. Explain in details and then talk about viel/Hijjab as a part of articles of faith to prepare for the next subtitle. (Use many citations) use in-text referencing with author name, page number ,year 2-3-1- Veil or Hijjab as a Muslim women identity: Explain what veil means in Islam for example as identity of Muslim women. Why the veil is important, what veil means for other Muslims, why veil important in Islam, which values that veil refer to. (use many citations) use in-text referencing with author name, page number ,year 2-3-2- The role of Iraqi culture in English teaching materials:( use citations to support these writing and rewrite this paragraph according to your own writing) In the case of Iraq, it has a closed-culture society where tradition and the impact of culture and religion are strong even in education. The obstacles that may impede hitting the teaching and learning target goals include: (1) the teachers? attitude and (2) the learners? attitude (Doukas, 1996. pp.187-188). Iraq is a country with 28, 506, 000 population). It is a country in the Middle East that is rich with its Islamic and Arabic traditions. These traditions are the strongest factor that exerts a very solid influence on the conduct of everyday life of its citizens, as well as, quite reflected by country?s social structures. These traditions also established a shared set of ideologies among its people. Iraqi culture is a non-western way of life that forms the key foundation in the locals? education. For Iraqis who stayed mainly in Iraq most of their lives, influence is strongest. Iraqis have very strong beliefs in their own system of beliefs, tradition and culture and they readily re ject anything which they recognize as foreign, especially if they are confined in Iraq. This strong affinity with what they own locally is readily apparent in their well-preserved ways of life. As an Iraqi myself, I say that Iraqis tend to respect cultural differences but when it comes to cultural conflict, they reject anything considered as foreign. To utilize the communicative language teaching (CLT) approach to teach English in Iraq using western resources can then be a very challenging position. Iraqi educational culture is essentially teacher-centered. It is readily observed anywhere in Iraq that the mentor posses the concentration of power and authority. The mentor takes the role of knowledge communicator. It is expected that teachers are the ones to give ideas and information. In other words, student- teacher interactions are less frequent and restricted. These interactions always base from respect and so, it is rarely that students would challenge the point of view of their teachers. Indeed, while this may be viewed as characterizing ?a limited, narrow-minded people, whose inert intellects lay fallow in incurious resignation? (Porter, 1994, p.155; cited in Penycook, 1998; as cited in Le Ha, 2004, p.51), it is more of attitude of respect for teachers dictated by the local culture. On the surface, it may seem that Iraqi students would simply take in whatever is fed to them but there is more to it than simply accepting and eventually echoing the information received. In my view, it is never possible to echo what is just received because in the end, students will always process information and take the meaning from the whole, and not in fragments. Additionally, interactions among students are also less frequent and discouraged. In Iraqi culture, interactions like this are considered more as noise or unnecessary disturbance and are thus, prohibited. Lastly, educational resources used are essentially based on the local culture. This comes rather obvious considering how mono-cultural the society is, and where exposure to non-Iraqi local practices is quite less 2-4- Factors that affect Muslim womens English learning at AMES Language centre: 2-4-1-Negative stereotype held by the host society against Islam and womens veil: explain how negative stereotype against Islam and veil affect Muslim learning Englishin general do not mention iraqi women talk about muslim in general in Australia. Please make connection between negative stereotype and its affect on learning English. How the events after 11 September?.. how media affect on in image of Islam?.then talk in details about veil. (Use many citations) use in-text referencing with author name, page number ,year 2-4-2-longing and belonging: explain longing and belonging affect women learning English. They forced immigrants?..(use many citations) use in-text referencing with author name, page number ,year 2-4-3-Diapora: explain how Diaspora affects women learning English, (use many citations) use in-text referencing with author name, page number ,year 2-4-4- A clash of learning culture: explain how when people learning new culture especially muslim affect their learning.(use many citations) use in-text referencing with author name, page number , year The Application of Acculturation Theories in Second Language Acquisition Second language acquisition (SLA) is the process by which individuals learn a language other than their native language (mother-tongue) leading to bilingualism (Norton, 198, 4). The easiness, ability and success with which the second language- in linguistic terms referred to as the target language (TL) is acquired depends on various socio-cultural and psychological factors, which can either encourage or hinder the learnerà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s motivation. Various theories of SLA have been formulated to explain how learners acquire a second language, and the factors that influence the outcome. The acculturation theory explains that social and psychological factors determine the extent to which a second language can be learnt. It is the gradual process by which immigrants or second language learners (2LL) get immersed into the culture of the target language, and as a result learns about that language, à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"through social and psychological integrationà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚  (Schumann, 1986, 379). Intercultural differences, however, sometimes make it difficult for immigrants to earn a second language in a new culture. This is especially the case for adolescents and emerging adults (Schwartz, et al, 2006, 2), who are still in the process of identity development. Among Muslim immigrants in the US, for instance, factors such as culture shock and dominance may hinder SLA. Culture shock occurs when immigrants are introduced to a new culture, with a lifestyle different from their ethnic background, such as dressing and socialization patterns. In terms of p sychological factors, the immigrantsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ attitudes about the TL and level of motivation to learn determine the success rate. It affects the level of contact between people of different cultures, and the degree of language learning that takes place as a result (Berry, 2001, 16). For instance, a negative attitude towards the Western culture and way of life will discourage social interaction and hence learning. Nonetheless, second language learners employ a number of acculturation strategies in response to the challenges encountered in the new culture (Bhatia Ram, 2001, 4). They can range from racism to ethnocentrism, both of which can significantly discourage acculturation and in effect, the rate of second language acquisition (Norton, 1986, 13). By assimilation, the 2LL loses their home culture and instead acquires the host culture, such as language and lifestyle. Integration takes place when the 2LL are able to retain their home culture in a culturally plural society (Berry, 1998, 12), while learning and accepting the culture of the TL. On the other hand, separation occurs when the individual refuses to get assimilated or integrated into the new culture. Finally, marginalization takes place if the immigrant suffers rejection, depression and anxiety, and as a consequent gets distanced from both their home and host cultures. In conclusion, second language acquisition is a product of interacting socio-cultural and psychological factors. The acculturation theories identify these factors as responsible for the rate at which immigrants acquire a new language when they are exposed to a different culture. Professor Abdullah Saeed (2004). Muslim Australians. Melbourne: National Capital Printing. [Accessed 30 August 2010]. Available from: http://www.abdullahsaeed.org/book/muslim-australians-their-beliefs-practices-and-institutions.

Ticket to Listen :: Music Rolling Stones Personal Narratives Essays

Ticket to Listen One little remnant of my past that I hold dear to me is a tiny scrap of paper. Though it is somewhat creased because of wear and tear, it still is able to tell a tale. The background is a pale white; the back is filled with tiny font disclaimers throughout it which leave no unusual scenario unexplained. The front has a broad blue stripe and a thinner orange strip underneath. Some of the black lettering is faded but the most important words still stand out, they are â€Å"The Rolling Stones†, â€Å"Landover, MD† and â€Å"Fed ex Field†. Those few words are all that need to be legible on my ticket for me to remember and still be able to tell the tale no matter how many years pass this stub by. The story on how I got this ticket is a little unusual. It all started when I found out the Stones were playing in Landover, MD which is far when you compare it to their next stop which was California. Both my boyfriend and I are huge Rolling Stones fans and all he ever wanted was to go see them live in concert. So of course after finding out they were playing in MD only five days before the show I had my work cut out for me. The next few days consisted of me calling every ticket distributor known to mankind to no avail, there was always some problem no seats available or seats available but none together†¦ The list went on and on, but I have this thick-skinned thing about me that once I want something I’m just going to have to find some way to get it and I was determined to pull this one off. Despite all my efforts the day of the concert came and I still had no tickets, yet I knew it didn’t matter I was still going to get us there somehow. I spent the whole day on and off the phone with my boyfriend’s older sister Candi scheming up some brilliant plan to get in. It ended up being our plan to just wing it. We were going to surprise my boyfriend and hop in the car and head down to Maryland right after school.

Leadership Assumptions

Leadership entails enormous responsibility. To become an effective leader, one has to possess the right characteristics and implement only the right principles. However, an accurate description of a leader is yet to be determined. In fact, there are a number of faulty assumptions when it comes to what an outstanding leader really is. And these faulty assumptions, if applied to certain scenarios could actually be destructive.   It is then very important for a potential leader to determine these assumptions so as not to apply them in their managerial processes. The first faulty assumption is the idea that the development and use of one’s charisma is good enough trait to become an outstanding leader. While it is true that charisma alone may allow a leader’s subordinate to follow relentlessly, it is the be all and end all trait to ensure good leadership. Charismatic leadership may be responsible for a very remarkable impact that leaders have on their followers, but leaders should strive to use charisma with innate leadership and decision making skills in order to be successful in their respective fields (Bedell, et al 2006). The extraordinary gifts, vision, problem solving skills, and even the repeated success of the leader are all going to be important and are also used as a basis to determine whether or not the leader had effectively guided his group towards the right course. Charismatic leadership is all about vision. This means the greatness of a charismatic leader is based entirely on the way he percieves his members and the way his members percieves him. That principle alone is not sufficient. A leader that is equipped with a good vision for his organzation and a harmonious relationship with his members should also be able to make the right decisions and execute the proper solutions to problems as well. The mere use of charisma is not going to be enough (Bedell, et al 2006). Another false assumption when it comes to leadership is the idea that the possession of transformational characteristics is all that is required to lead. Transformational leadership corresponds to the creation of job satisfaction, as well as leader satisfaction among subordinates. It is also the principle that stimulates follower motivation that brings about superior group performance. These are all evident in transformational leaders because its principles allow all members to percieve their leaders as somebody exceptional purely due to their excellent job performace and overall effectiveness (Judge, 2004). But even if this is the case, transformational leadership alone is not the backbone of an efficient leader. It is a big part of a good leader without doubt, but it is definitely not all of it. Actually, transformational leadership is only the outcome of transactional leadership. This will further prove that transactional leadership is not a concept that works in direct opposition to transformational leadership. To differentiate the two, transactional leadership pertains to a leader’s ability to provide contingent rewards to members and manage his subordinates by being both exception-active and exception-passive. The false assumption behind transformational leadership can then be corrected by directly applying the concepts behind transactional leadership so that the two principles merge in complete harmony with each other. Transformational leadership should be practiced on the foundation of transactional leadership – for an outstanding leader possesses both the characteristics of a transformational leader and a transactional leader (Judge, 2004). But then again, both transformational and transactional leadership is not everything that a leader should be composed of. Authentic transformational and transactional leadership should be based on ethics as well (Kanungo, 2001). There should be some sort of a moral foundation as far as the views, action, and ideas of the leader are concerned. Although the morals of transactional and transformational leaders are based on values entirely different to each other, the idea applied is still the same (Harland et al, 2005). Transformational leaders tend to have moral altruistic motives and organic worldview on the matters they have at hand. On the other hand, transactional leaders have mutual altruistic motives and an atomistic worldview. Transformational leaders have their pricinples grounded on deontological perspective while transactional leaders ground theirs on teleological perspective (Kanungo, 2001). These are three examples of false leadership assumptions. Therefore, to become a good leader, one needs to know and apply the intellectual, social, and emotional requirements that come along with the job. The intellectual prerequisites of a good leader correspond to the level of education he or she attained to acquire the right amount of knowledge so as to create only the right rules that the whole organization should follow (Smith et al, 2005). A leader should be both psychologically and intellectually capable of predicting, deciding, and acting in favor for the betterment of the organization. This metal capability can be achieved primarily through proper schooling and advanced studies. Ideally, the leader should have finished at least one distinctive degree that is very much related to the organization that he heads. Without proper schooling, the intellectual competence of the leader will be doubted not only by his direct subordinates, but the rest of the people who works around him as well. The emotional prerequisite of a leader corresponds to his ability to feel what’s good for the group and all its members. A leader should be human enough to understand the every situation that his organization and subordinates are in. He should be able to use not only his mind but his heart as well when it comes to formulating and enacting decisions for his own company or group. A leader who uses purely his mind while at work is cold. The one who uses his sentiment along with his mind is a better picture of a good leader. A leader should also be socially competent. This means he or she should be able to relate and interact with all his members in a fair and equal manner at all times. Social skills should both be learned and practiced so that its principles can be applied in a very efficient manner. Most organizations fail because the leaders are painstakingly unreachable by their own members. The leader then should always be the first one to create an air of warmth and in the process, produce a healthy social relationship among members. This ensures that all the members working relations are always at optimum levels. References Harland, L., Harrison, W., Jones, J., & Reiter-Palmon, R. (2005). Leadership behaviors and subordinate resilience. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 11(2), 2. Judge, T. (2004, October). Transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 755-768. Kanungo, R. (2001, December). Ethical values of transactional and transformational leaders. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 18(4), 257. Smith, B., Montagno, R., & Kuzmenko, T. (2004, Spring). Transformational and servant leadership: Content and contextual comparisons. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 10(4), 80.         

Melting Point Determination Essay

Identifying an unknown compound can be a difficult task. In identifying a compound, researchers often measure several physical properties: melting point, boiling point, density and observes a few chemical properties: reactivity, acidity, basicity of the compound. The reason for determining several chemical and physical properties of the compound is that it is quite possible for two different compounds to have a few physical and or chemical properties in common; but it is highly unlikely for the two compounds to have very many identical physical and chemical properties (Gilber & Martin, 2010). The goal of this experiment is to determine the identity of the unknown using the melting-point technique. If the entire compound in the list given by your instructor had distinctly different melting points, it would be possible to determine the identity of the unknown by just taking its melting point. However, each of the compounds in this list has a melting point that is close to the melting point of another compound in the list. Therefore, the melting point of the unknown will allow you to break down the choices to two compounds (Pavia, Lampman, & Kriza, 2013). To determine the identity of you compound, you must perform mixture melting points of your unknown and each of the two compounds with similar melting points. A mixture melting point that is depressed and has a wide range indicates that the two compounds in the mixture are different. It should be pointed out, however, that it is not possible to accurately predict the physical properties of newly synthesized or isolated compounds. Therefore, tables of physical properties are only useful in identifying previously known compounds. However, useful information as to the compound’s identity and its purity can often be obtained from its melting point. Although the melting point can be used to help identify an unknown by comparing its melting point to literature values, it must be apparent that there are literally hundreds if not thousands of compounds that share the same melting point. To solve this dilemma the identity of a compound can be confirm using mixed melting point method. If you prepare a mixture of you unknown chemical and the one you suspect it may be and measure the melting point of the mixture then there are two possible results: The melting point of the mixture is the same as the pure compound which means that the unknown compound and the known compound are the same. The melting point of the mixture is lower than either of the two pure components and the melting range is large. This is because the two compounds are different with the result that one is an impurity in the other (Dean, Jones, Holmes, & Reed, 2011). Determination of the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equilibrium is time consuming. It is also quite difficult with a small amount of sample. Thus, in practice, most melting points are determined as capillary melting points, which can be done quickly with a small amount of sample in a capillary tube (Bettelheim & Frederick, 2004). Melting point analysis is a quick, relatively easy, and inexpensive preliminary analysis if the sample is already mostly pure and has a suspected identity. Additionally, analysis requires small samples only. As with any analysis, there are certain drawbacks to melting point analysis. If the sample is not solid, melting point analysis cannot be done. Also, analysis is destructive of the sample. For qualitative identification analysis, there are now more specific and accurate analyses that exist, although they are typically much more expensive. Also, samples with more than one solute cannot be analyzed quantitatively for purity (Molavi & Barron, 2011) Methodology: Finding an Identical Compound: Two melting-point capillaries were filled with small amounts of your sample. One was used to determine an approximate melting point range for your unknown by allowing the temperature to rise at about 6oC per minute. Then the melting point apparatus was cooled to at least 5oC below the temperature at which melting began. A slow, careful determination of the melting point range was made on the second sample by allowing the temperature to rise at a rate of approximately 2oC per minute. It is important that the melting point was measured carefully because finding another student in the lab with the identical compound depends on it. The melting point range was recorded in the laboratory notebook and also on the data sheet provided by the instructor along with the student number. From the data sheet, another student in the lab was located whose unknown has a melting point range that is within 4oC. A small amount of the student’s compound was used to prepare a sample for a mixed melting point. The error range of  ±4oC was accounted for experimental error and the fact that the thermometers are not calibrated thus the ranges from different instruments may vary slightly. To prepare the mixed melting point sample, one part of the unknown given was used to one part of the other student’s compound. The sample was mixed thoroughly by gently crushing the mixture with a glass stirring rod until it looks homogeneous. The melting point range was determined and the result was recorded in the laboratory notebook. Search was continued until you identified a student in the lab with a compound identical to yours and a second student in the lab with an unknown with approximately the same melting point range, but whose compound is not the same as yours. Results and Discussion: |Table 1 Mixed Melting Point Unknowns | |Unknown |Structure |Melting Point Range | | | |(oC) | |Benzoic Acid |[pic] |121-123 | |DL-malic Acid |[pic] |131-133 | |Urea |[pic] |132-135 | |Trans-cinnamic Acid |[pic] |131-136 | |Succinic Acid |[pic] |184 | Table 1 shows the given unknowns to be identified in this experiment. The melting point range in the table was the basis of the researchers in identifying their given unknowns. Some chemical compounds given from the manual was omitted to limit the scope of the experiment. Other books give different melting point range on the compounds in the table. This is because temperature also varies in the fact that the thermometers are not calibrated. The unknown pure compound has a white powdery solid feature. Melting point range determination is only applicable for solid compounds. Two trials were conducted to observe the melting point of the pure compound. For the first trial, it was observed that the compound starts to melt at exactly 135oC and the solid in the capillary tube was completely dissolved at 137oC. The solid melts instantaneously because the temperature of the cooking oil used arises rapidly compared when using water as a boiling bath. The second trial was conducted to confirm if the result for trial one is precise and the finding for the melting point also ranges from 135-137oC. From the data collected, it was predicted that the unknown might be urea or trans-cinnamic acid. Since both urea and trans-cinnamic acid have exactly the same melting point, it is difficult to determine which one is the given compound. The pure compound (Unknown A) was mixed to the compound (Unknown B) of one student with melting-point range of 134-136oC. Both unknown have the same physical feature which fell into conclusion that the two solids are same compounds. However, the temperature of the mixed compounds decreased by 80-84oC. Possible reason for this outcome is contamination of the mixed compound by the stirring rod used in mixing. Trial two was conducted for the mix-melting point determination. Another student whose compound (Unknown C) has a melting point that ranges from 131-134oC was mixed with Unknown A. Both unknowns have the same physical feature with Unknown B. The unknowns were mixed thoroughly with a clean stirring rod. The mixed compound starts to dissolve at exactly 134oC and solid in the capillary tube was completely dissolved at a temperature of 136oC. It is strong evidence that the two substances are the same. According to Mayo, Pike, and Forbes (2011), the crystalline lattice forces holding organic solids together are distributed over a relatively narrow energy range. The melting points of organic compounds, therefore, are usually relatively sharp, that is, less than 2oC. The range and maximum temperature of the melting point, however, are very sensitive to impurities. Small amounts of sample contamination by soluble impurities nearly always will result in meting-point depression. The drop in melting point is usually accompanied by an expansion of the melting-point range. Thus, in addition to the melting point acting as a useful guide in identification, it also can be a particularly effective indication of sample purity. The effectiveness of this technique depends on the relative solubility of the substances in each other. The usefulness of mixed melting points is limited in that you must have some idea of the chemical nature of your unknown compound and a sample of the suspected compound must be available. The researcher used melting points to determine the purity of organic compounds. Pure compounds were seen to have a narrow melting range, while impurities were seen to cause the melting range to become lower and broader. From the mixture melting points the researcher definitively able to identify the unknown as trans-cinnamic acid. 5. References: Aldrich, S. (n.d). Retrieved July14, 2013, from LLC, Sigma-Aldrich Co, http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/ product/aldrich/w228826?l ang=en ®ion=PH Bettelheim, Frederick, A., Landenberg, & Joseph M. (2004). Organic and Biochemistry (5th ed.). USA: A Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Pages 17-20 Dean, J., Jones, M., Holmes, D., & Reed, R. (2011). Practical Skills in Chemistry (11th ed.). England: Pearson Education Limimited. Gilbert, J. & Martin S. (2010). Experimental Organic Chemistry: A Miniscale and Microscale Approach: A Miniscale and Microscale Approach (5th ed.). USA: Cengage Learning Mayo, D., Pike, R., & Forbes, D. (2011). Microscale Organic Laboratory with multistep and multiscale synthesis (5th ed.). United States: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Molavi, S., & Barron, A. (2012, May 29). Melting Point Analysis. Retrieved from the Connexions Web site: http://cnx.org/content/m43565/1.1/ Pavia, D., Lampman, G., Kriz, G., and Engel, R. (2013). A Microscal Approach to Organic Laboratory Techniques (5th ed.). USA Cencage Learning.