The role of fathers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The role of fathers - Essay Example However, the involvement of the father depends of various factors such as the genetic relationship, a male guardian, adopted or step father. Statistics has also proved that children who live with their father do academically well as fathers take added role in guiding their children’s social and intellectual development. Fathers play various roles and functions which are- The effects of a father’s absence results in many economic disadvantages. It is associated with a substantial degree of isolation and affects the child’s development.(1) When fathers are disenfranchised, the research studies have shown that the children have a higher rate of suicides, asthma attacks, mental disorder, depression. (2) According to the sociologist Lewis Yablonsky, fathering style is determined by a father’s own behavior, his financial condition and his economic status. In the past decade, the United States has been titled as the world leader in fatherless families and current statistics show that 34% of the children in the United States live without their father. Research studies have proved that there are positive effects of a father’s involvement. Statistics has proved that the children enjoy going to school and participate in extracurricular activities more when the fathers are more involved in their children’s education. There has also been evidence that the children have more self control and have the ability to take more initiatives and risks.(2) The role of the father and his involvement impacts the children’s development, survival and growth, health and child’s emerging capacity. The father’s contribution to children’s well being is through interactions, constructive engagement in family and social life. (3) 3. Ball, Jessica & Ken Moselle, Father’s contribution to children’s well Being, Public Health Agency of Canada, population health Fund Project, 10th April 2007, from

LITERATURE REVIEW ON EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL STORIES ON THE SOCIAL Essay

LITERATURE REVIEW ON EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL STORIES ON THE SOCIAL BEHAVIORS OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN - Essay Example It can use pictorial tools for elaboration. It has descriptive, affirmative, perspective sentences and directive sentence. For every 0 to 1 directive sentence, the ratio of descriptive, affirmative, and perspective sentences should be 2 to 5. Later, cooperative and control sentences were added in an enlarged definition. Delano and Snell (2006) study was conducted on three Autism affected students Derrel, Sean and Thomas aged 6, 6, and 9 years respectively. Six peers, two each for autism affected child were used. One was a training peer and the other a general peer. Social engagement, its absence, appropriateness and inappropriateness with the peer were studied. The social story was used to increase social interaction and improve target skills This study was the fourth ever study done in history on use of social stories to study improvement in social skills for autistic child. Sean used only text story but Derrel and Thomas were given picture-symbol text. Data was collected over ten minute social sessions. For comparative analysis of intervention and non-intervention phase, a baseline was accepted and the behavior of the students was noted. Duration data in second in 45 sessions for appropriate, in appropriate social engagement and absence of social engagement amongst the affected children and peers was noted in a typical setting of interaction with a training peer, in the story intervention phase, decrease of intervention phase (fading) and absence of story(no story) phase. The first author and an educational teacher were appointed as the observers for study. They were trained on Procorder DV system till they obtained kappa coefficient. All the sessions were video graphed and exported to the Multi-Option Observation System for accurate analysis. There was marked improvement in the social behavior of the target children in the intervention phase. In the fading and no story phases, though the data of social engagement